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RHETORIC ANALYSIS: PRACTICE

textual analysis

This is a real memo, taken verbatim from the published transcript of Shoah, a 9-hour documentary film on the holocaust directed by Claude Lanzmann (103-05). In this memo, the writer, Just, attempts to persuade his superior, Walter Rauff, of the necessity for technical improvements to the vans being used in the early Nazi program of exterminating the Jews and other "undesirables," just months before the Final Solution of gas chambers and death camps was fully operationalized. In this earlier stage of the Final Solution, four Einsatzgruppen, or "Special Action Groups," A, B, C, and D, had been organized by Himmler to carry out executions by firing squads (Shirer 1248-49).

 

Excerpt from the article "The Ethic of Expediency: Classical Rhetoric, Technology, and the Holocaust" by Steven B. Katz.

 

< click here to download excerpt as PDF >

contextual analysis

Type of document: Geheime Reichssache (Secret Reich Business)

Location: Berlin, Germany

Date: June 5, 1942

Sender: Willy Just

Receiver: SS-Obersturmbannfuhrer Walter Rauff

Questions to consider:
  • What is the subject of this document?
  • What is its purpose?
  • Who might be its audience?
  • How does it use logos, ethos, and pathos to communicate its message?
  • What is its arrangement/organization?
  • What is its style, including word choice and tone?
Questions to consider:
  • What is the rhetorical context of this document?
  • What is its purpose?
  • Who is the author and audience?
  • Who is affected by this document?
  • What larger social and political issues is this document connected to?
  • What are the conversations this document is a part of?
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